Valerenic acid

Valerenic acid is a sesquiterpenoid and a major bioactive component of Valeriana officinalis root extracts that acts as a potent GABA_A receptor agonist with nanomolar binding affinity. Its C-12 carboxyl group forms hydrogen bonds with the β3N265 and β1S265 residues, while its methyl groups engage in hydrophobic interactions within the receptor pocket; however, its low natural abundance (0.7–0.9% dry weight) limits pharmacological studies [346].