an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

3-dehydroshikimate

glutathione disulfide

prephenate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

oxaloacetate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

propanoyl phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

isopentenyl diphosphate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

prenyl diphosphate

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

hydrogen peroxide

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

glycerone phosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

CO₂

lipid IV_A

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

glycolate

(lipoyl)adenylate

DNA without lesion

phosphoenolpyruvate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

H₂O

agmatine

glutathione

methanethiol

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

ethene

riboflavin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FMN

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

menaquinol-9

menaquinol-8

menaquinol-10

menaquinol-6

menaquinol-7

menaquinol-12

menaquinol-13

menaquinol-11

demethylmenaquinol-9

demethylmenaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-10

demethylmenaquinol-6

demethylmenaquinol-7

demethylmenaquinol-12

demethylmenaquinol-13

demethylmenaquinol-11

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

adenylo-succinate

GMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

IMP

XMP

dGDP

dGTP

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

dADP

dATP

ADP

ATP

AMP

GTP

GDP

adenosine

inosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

CTP

UTP

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

CDP

UDP

ADP-α-D-glucose

uracil

adenine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

4-hydroxybenzoate

4-aminobenzoate

phenol

6-methoxy-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone

3-methyl-6-methoxy-2-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone

glycolaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

phlorisovalerophenone

deoxyhumulone

deoxycohumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

acetate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-lysine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-leucine

L-tyrosine

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-alanine

L-aspartate

L-methionine

L-arginine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

D-glutamate

D-alanine

D-arginine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

iminoarginine

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

pristanate

oleate

palmitate

phytenate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

oxygen

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

Fe³⁺

ammonium

K⁺

H⁺

Fe²⁺

OH^-

hydrogencarbonate

superoxide

phosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical