an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

CO₂

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

shikimate

coproporphyrinogen III

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

4'-phosphopantetheine

DNA without lesion

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

phosphoenolpyruvate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

thiamine diphosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

histidinal

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

glycerone phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

hydroxylamine

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

quinolinate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

thiamine phosphate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

prephenate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

CDP-glycerol

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

xanthine

O-acetyl-L-serine

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

citrate

4-pyridoxolactone

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

carbon monoxide

hydrogen selenide

autoinducer 2

2-dehydropantoate

salicyl alcohol

carbamoyl phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

carbonic acid

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

hexulose 6-phosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminoimidazole

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

hydrogen peroxide

(1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1 (10),2-dien-4-oate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

5-hydroxy-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

(2E)-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]prop-2-enoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-indene-4-carboxylate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

acetoacetate

oxaloacetate

H₂

oxalosuccinate

urea

pyruvic oxime

maltol

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

acetyl phosphate

H₂O

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoheme

phosphonoacetaldehyde

(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate

DNA with lesion

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-homocysteine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-leucine

L-proline

L-serine

L-alanine

L-histidine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

L-citrulline

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-aspartate

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-ornithine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-formyl-L-methionine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-formimino-glycine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

D-alanine

D-aspartate

adenylo-succinate

IMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

GMP

XMP

dADP

dATP

dGDP

dGTP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

cyclic-AMP

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

AMP

ADP

ATP

GDP

GTP

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

NADPH

NADH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

adenine

guanine

purine

uracil

dCDP

dTDP

dTTP

dCTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

CMP

UMP

UDP

CDP

CTP

UTP

dTDP-3,4-didehydro-2,6-dideoxy-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

CDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

GDP-α-D-mannose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-3-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-6-deoxy-α-D-allose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-gulose

dTDP-2,6-dideoxy-D-glycero-hex-2-enos-4-ulose

dTDP-3-amino-4-dehydro-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucose

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

inosine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

cytidine

uridine

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

riboflavin

FMN

urate

6,8-dihydroxypurine

8-hydroxypurine

hydroquinone

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

succinyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

3-oxoadipyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

maltotriose

sucrose

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerol

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

(S)-lactaldehyde

acetaldehyde

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

1-propanal

diacetyl

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

(R)-pantoate

acetate

butanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

formate

propanoate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

3,24-dioxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

24-hydroxy-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

9α-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

dimethyl sulfide

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

K⁺

ammonium

H⁺

Fe²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

thiosulfate

hydrogensulfite

sulfate

phosphate

diphosphate

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

coenzyme A

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate