an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

H₂

carbon monoxide

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

isochorismate

ethanolamine

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

nigerose

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

DNA without lesion

urea

carbamoyl phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

acetoacetate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

dimethyl sulfoxide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2-oleoylglycerol

coproporphyrinogen III

glycolate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

3-dehydroshikimate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

hydrogen selenide

O-acetyl-L-serine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-dehydropantoate

hydrogen peroxide

1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol

1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol 2-mannose

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

4'-phosphopantetheine

thiamine diphosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

L-arginino-succinate

xanthine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

acetyl phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(24E)-3α,7α-dihydroxy-5β-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA

(24R,25R)-3α,7α,24-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl CoA

oxaloacetate

citrate

oxalosuccinate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

ammonia

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

glycerone phosphate

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

aminoacetone

CO₂

H₂O

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

prephenate

L-3-cyclohex-2'-enylalanine

3-[(1S)-cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)]-2-oxopropanoate

3-(cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)-2-oxopropanoate

dehydroprephenate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

quinolinate

2-iminoacetate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

glycolaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-mannopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

aldehydo-D-mannose

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

methylglyoxal

menadione

ethanol

glycerol

D-mannitol

myo-inositol

scyllo-inosose

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-18:1-2-18:1-phosphatidylethanolamine

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

phytyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenol

5-deoxy-dihydrokalafungin

(S)-DNPA

2-((1R,3S),-1',9'-dihydroxy-1'-methyl-10'-oxo-3',4',5',10'-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[g]isochromen-3'-yl)acetate

(S)-4-(3'-acetyl-5'-hydroxy-4'-oxo-1',4'-dihydronapthalen-2'-yl)-3-hydroxybutanoate

4-(3'-acetyl-5'-hydroxy-4'-oxo-1',4'-dihydronapthalen-2'-yl)-3-oxobutanoate

actinorhodin intermediate

actinorhodin

dihydrokalafungin

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

keto-D-fructose

β-D-fructofuranose

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribose

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribono-γ-lactone

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

GDP-α-D-mannose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

sucrose

α,α-trehalose

D-altronate

D-gluconate

D-mannonate

dAMP

dGMP

XTP

dIMP

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

pppGpp

ppGpp

dGTP

dGDP

dATP

dADP

adenylo-succinate

XMP

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyguanosine

IMP

GMP

GTP

GDP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

cyclic-AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

ADP

ATP

AMP

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

UMP

CMP

dUTP

dTTP

dCTP

dUDP

dCDP

dTDP

CDP

UDP

UTP

CTP

reduced β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

preQ₁

uracil

thymine

adenine

guanine

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-leucine

L-tyrosine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-alanine

L-glutamine

L-phenylalanine

L-aspartate

L-glutamate

glycine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-valine

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-ornithine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

4-methylphenol

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

Mg-protoporphyrin

cobalt-precorrin-3

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cobalt-precorrin-4

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-5A

protoheme

hydrogen cyanide

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

superoxide

dimethyl sulfide

thiocyanate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mo²⁺

Co²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

sulfite

hydrogencarbonate

thiosulfate

sulfate

molybdate

hydrogensulfite

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

putrescine

spermidine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

chloroethylmalonyl-CoA

4-chloro-crotonyl-CoA

4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

nicotinamide

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

dihomo γ-linolenoyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(24R,25R)-3α,7α,12α,24-tetrahydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl CoA

(24E)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

FMNH₂

FMN

FAD

FADH₂

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

molybdopterin

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

thiamine

nicotinate

riboflavin

salinosporamide A

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

sirohydrochlorin

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

preQ₀

urate

menadiol

4-aminobenzoate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

pyruvate

acetate

formate

oleate

(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate

di-homo-γ-linolenate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate

palmitate

(R)-pantoate

D-tagaturonate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate