an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

glutathioselenol

(S)-dihydroorotate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

H₂O

L-canavanine

4'-phosphopantetheine

autoinducer 2

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

salicyl alcohol

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

hydrogen selenide

glutathione disulfide

selenodiglutathione

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

prenyl diphosphate

formate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

thiamine diphosphate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

dihydroxyacetone

phosphoenolpyruvate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

citrate

oxaloacetate

CO₂

oxalosuccinate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

quinolinate

glycerone phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

hydrogen peroxide

isopentenyl diphosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

glycolate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

isochorismate

xanthine

ethanolamine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

butanoyl phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

porphobilinogen

DNA without lesion

anthranilate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

hydroxypyruvate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

5-aminolevulinate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

preuroporphyrinogen

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

L-selenocystathionine

urea

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

histidinal

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

propanoyl phosphate

acetyl phosphate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

(S)-2,3-dihydrodipicolinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

carbon monoxide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

O-acetyl-L-serine

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(R)-pantothenate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

2-iminoacetate

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

2-dehydropantoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

N²-succinylglutamate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

3-dehydroshikimate

prephenate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

methylglyoxal

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

acetaldehyde

butan-1-al

diacetyl

urate

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

hydroquinone

demethylmenaquinol-8

menaquinol-8

4-methylphenol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

1,2-dibutyrin

tributyrin

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ADP-α-D-glucose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

arbutin-6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

sucrose

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltotriose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

stachyose

raffinose

carbamate

L-citrulline

L-tryptophan

glycine

L-serine

L-leucine

L-glutamine

L-aspartate

L-glutamate

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-alanine

L-phenylalanine

L-tyrosine

L-proline

L-threonine

L-histidine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-ornithine

L-canaline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-methionine

3-phospho-L-serine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

β-alanine

orotate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

palmitate

butanoate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

pyruvate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-oxoadipate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

butan-1-ol

methanol

guanine

adenine

XMP

AMP

GMP

IMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

dADP

dGDP

dGTP

dATP

dAMP

dGMP

hypoxanthine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

FMN

riboflavin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

thymine

uracil

preQ₁

UDP

dUDP

dTDP

CTP

UTP

dCTP

dUTP

dUMP

dTMP

dTTP

dCMP

dCDP

CDP

dipicolinate

CMP

UMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

coenzyme A

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

ppGpp

pppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

adenylo-succinate

cyclic-AMP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

phenylacetate

cholate

glycocholate

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

methanethiol

putrescine

spermidine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

selenite

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

selenate

sulfate

chloride

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Cd²⁺

Zn²⁺

Cu²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

Mg-protoporphyrin

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoheme

DNA with lesion