an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate 6-phosphate

deoxycholoyl-CoA

12α-hydroxy-3-oxocholan-24-oyl-CoA

12α-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

3-oxocholoyl-CoA

dialurate

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

glutathione disulfide

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

(2R,4S)-2, 4-diaminopentanoate

urea

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

oxalosuccinate

histidinal

4'-phosphopantetheine

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

tartronate semialdehyde

autoinducer 2

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

O-acetyl-L-serine

3-dehydroshikimate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

5-oxo-L-proline

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

D-phenylhydantoin

N-carbamoyl-D-phenylglycine

DNA without lesion

2-deoxygluconate

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

dihydroxyacetone

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

α-ribazole

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

xanthine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

hydroxypyruvate

urea-1-carboxylate

thiamine diphosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

L-β-lysine

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

creatinine

acetoacetate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

carboxyphosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

O-ureido-L-homoserine

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

prephenate

7α,12α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

12α-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4,6-dien-24-oyl-CoA

7-α,12-α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-enoate

12-α-hydroxy-3 oxochola-4,6-dienoate

(S)-ureidoglycolate

N-carbamoyl-2-oxoglycine

carbamoyl phosphate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

2-dehydropantoate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

propanoyl phosphate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

succinate semialdehyde

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

2-iminoacetate

aminoacetone

chloramphenicol

acetyl phosphate

3-ureidopropanoate

coproporphyrinogen III

(2R)-2-amino-4-oxopentanoate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

hexulose 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate

selenophosphate

5-aminopentanoate

dihydrolipoate

glycolate

ethanolamine

hydrogen peroxide

glycerone phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

oxaloacetate

H₂O

citrate

CO₂

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

DNA with lesion

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

phenylacetate

ethylphosphate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

Mg-protoporphyrin

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-2

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

preQ₀

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

K⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Cd²⁺

Zn²⁺

Ni²⁺

Mo²⁺

OH^-

selenite

selenate

hydrogencarbonate

superoxide

selenide

nitrate

molybdate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycine betaine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

putrescine

spermidine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

methanethiol

glutathione

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-3-enoyl-CoA

(2E,4E)-tetradeca-2,4-dienoyl-CoA

(3E)-tetradec-3-enoyl-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

choloyl-CoA

(25R)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

trans-Δ², cis-Δ⁴-decadienoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

(25R)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oate

deoxycholate

cholate

thiamine

riboflavin

nicotinate

all-trans-retinal

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

FAD

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

cyclic-AMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

dGMP

dAMP

ITP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

adenylo-succinate

2'-deoxyguanosine

IMP

hypoxanthine

5'-deoxyadenosine

XMP

GMP

dATP

dADP

dGTP

dGDP

GTP

GDP

AMP

ATP

ADP

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

cytidine

uridine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

ADP-α-D-glucose

preQ₁

thymine

uracil

adenine

guanine

5,6-dihydrouracil

5,6-dihydrothymine

UDP-α-D-glucose

CDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-7

precorrin-8x

precorrin-3B

precorrin-4

precorrin-3A

precorrin-2

precorrin-6B

precorrin-6A

sirohydrochlorin

hydantoin

reduced riboflavin

orotate

(+)-taxifolin

(+)-dihydrokaempferol

(2R,3S,4S)-leucocyanidin

(2R,3S,4S)-leucopelargonidin

urate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

protocatechuate

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

butan-1-ol

methanol

ethanol

glycerol

D-sorbitol

L-iditol

D-ribitol 5-phosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

raffinose

stachyose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

sucrose

keto-L-sorbose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

L-xylulose

D-xylulose

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-galactonate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

β-carotene 15,15' epoxide

15,15'-dihydroxy-β-carotene

β-carotene

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

iron(III) dicitrate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

succinate

L-aspartate

fumarate

(S)-malate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

4-hydroxybutanoate

palmitate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-asparagine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-cysteine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-leucine

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-isoleucine

L-alanine

L-proline

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

creatine

β-alanine

(R)-β-lysine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

D-glutamate

D-ornithine

D-alanine

D-proline

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-ornithine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

sarcosine

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-canaline

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine