an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

H₂O

CO₂

hydrogen peroxide

(S)-dihydroorotate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

carbamoyl phosphate

citrate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

oxaloacetate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

L-histidinol phosphate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

carboxyphosphate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

oxalosuccinate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

glycerone phosphate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

glycolate

phosphoenolpyruvate

thiamine diphosphate

thiamine phosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

quinolinate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

isochorismate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

coproporphyrinogen III

selenophosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

DNA without lesion

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

acetyl phosphate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

histidinal

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

pimeloyl-CoA

2-dehydropantoate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

citraconate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

xanthine

lipid IV_A

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

N-carbamoylputrescine

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

prephenate

carbonic acid

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4'-phosphopantetheine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

tartronate semialdehyde

hydroxypyruvate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

urea

(S)-ureidoglycolate

phosphonoacetate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

propanoyl phosphate

cis,cis-muconate

(+)-muconolactone

muconolactone

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-deoxygluconate

(4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxohexanoate

glutathione disulfide

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

lipid X

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

hydrogen selenide

glutathioselenol

selenodiglutathione

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

aminoacetone

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-aspartate

glycine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-proline

L-lysine

L-alanine

L-tyrosine

L-isoleucine

L-phenylalanine

L-arginine

L-threonine

L-tryptophan

L-serine

L-histidine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-ornithine

D-ornithine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-proline

D-glutamate

D-lysine

β-alanine

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

orotate

D-mannonate

(R)-pantoate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

D-tagaturonate

4-deoxy-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronate

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

pyruvate

formate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

D-altronate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-β-L-fucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-D-fructofuranose

D-glyceraldehyde

keto-D-fructose

D-xylulose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

4-deoxy-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

menadione

caldariellaquinone

diacetyl

4-hydroxybenzoate

urate

myricetin

(+)-taxifolin

quercetin

kaempferol

(+)-dihydromyricetin

(+)-dihydrokaempferol

menadiol

caldariellaquinol

3-demethylubiquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-10

3-demethylubiquinol-9

3-demethylubiquinol-7

demethylmenaquinol-8

menaquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

ubiquinol-10

ubiquinol-9

ubiquinol-7

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

adenine

guanine

XMP

IMP

GMP

AMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dIDP

dADP

dGTP

dITP

dATP

dGMP

dAMP

hypoxanthine

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

riboflavin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

uracil

preQ₁

isoguanine

dUMP

dUTP

CTP

UTP

dUDP

CDP

dCTP

dCDP

UDP

dTTP

dTDP

dTMP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

sirohydrochlorin

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

1-piperideine

coenzyme A

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

5-hydroxy-CMP

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

7-oxolithocholate

cholate

chenodeoxycholate

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA

phytanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

methanethiol

agmatine

spermidine

dehydrospermidine

cadaverine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

Fe³⁺

Zn²⁺

Mn²⁺

Cu²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

H⁺

K⁺

ammonium

selenate

hydrogencarbonate

selenide

sulfite

OH^-

selenite

sulfate

chloride

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

2-octaprenylphenol

(R)-citramalate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

uroporphyrinogen-III

siroheme

protoheme

DNA with lesion