an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

hydrogen selenide

2-dehydropantoate

glutathione disulfide

histidinol

histidinal

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

shikimate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

(S)-dihydroorotate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

porphobilinogen

coproporphyrinogen III

urea

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-succinylbenzoate

3-hydroxypropanoate

prephenate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

L-canavanine

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

DNA without lesion

4'-phosphopantetheine

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

3-phosphooxypyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

4-oxoglutaramate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(lipoyl)adenylate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

anthranilate

hydrogen peroxide

ethanolamine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

formamide

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

O-acetyl-L-serine

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

2-iminoacetate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

glycolate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

glycerone phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

succinate semialdehyde

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

oxalosuccinate

citrate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

oxaloacetate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

phosphoenolpyruvate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

CO₂

isopentenyl diphosphate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

H₂O

DNA with lesion

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

uroporphyrinogen-III

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminobutanoate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glycerate

2-[2-O-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1→2)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-[2-O-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1→2)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-D-glycerate

2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(R)-citramalate

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

Fe³⁺

K⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Co²⁺

Fe²⁺

sulfate

OH^-

molybdate

selenite

superoxide

hydrogencarbonate

selenate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

anguibactin

glycine betaine

betaine aldehyde

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

glutathione

methanethiol

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate

3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

nicotinate

riboflavin

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

diacetyl

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

4-aminobenzoate

18-hydroxyoleate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxystearate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

zeinoxanthin

α-carotene

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

dGMP

dAMP

cyclic-AMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

hypoxanthine

dIDP

dITP

XMP

GMP

ITP

IDP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

dATP

dGTP

GTP

AMP

ATP

dADP

ADP

dGDP

GDP

guanosine

adenosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

2-hydroxy-dATP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

CTP

UTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

GDP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

uracil

adenine

guanine

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

molybdopterin

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

methanol

ethanol

glycerol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

cis-aconitate

(2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate

D-threo-isocitrate

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

decanoate

octanoate

laurate

7-hydroxylaurate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

oleate

palmitate

stearate

α-linolenate

linoleate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-histidine

L-glutamate

L-leucine

L-valine

L-tryptophan

L-alanine

L-proline

L-isoleucine

L-methionine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

L-isoglutamine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-ornithine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

3-phospho-L-serine

S-methyl-L-cysteine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-canaline

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine