an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

dihydroxyacetone

glycerone phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

H₂O

succinate semialdehyde

CO₂

coproporphyrinogen III

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

phosphoenolpyruvate

citrate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

thiamine phosphate

oxaloacetate

carbamoyl phosphate

xanthine

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

2,3-didehydroadipyl-CoA

acetyl phosphate

oxalosuccinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

hydrogen peroxide

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

2-succinylbenzoate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

salicyl alcohol

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

hop-22(29)-ene

squalene

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

DNA without lesion

urea

creatinine

dimethylthiophosphate

diethylphosphate

diethylthiophosphate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

oxalate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

methylsalicylate

O-acetyl-L-serine

thiamine diphosphate

2-dehydropantoate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-carbamoylputrescine

L-selenocystathionine

autoinducer 2

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

(lipoyl)adenylate

prephenate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

4-aminobutanoate

glutathione disulfide

quinolinate

isochorismate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

aminoacetone

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

4-nitrophenol

paraoxon

parathion

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoporphyrin IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

hemin

protoheme

DNA with lesion

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

L-homocysteine

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

hydrogen cyanide

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

preQ₀

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-cysteine

L-methionine

L-glutamate

L-alanine

L-aspartate

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-lysine

L-tryptophan

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-leucine

L-arginine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

creatine

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

glycine

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-canaline

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-saccharopine

seleno-L-homocysteine

sarcosine

acetate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

(R)-pantoate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

palmitate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

betanidin quinone

betanidin

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

ferrichrome

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

sucrose

6_G-kestotriose

1-kestotriose

1,1-kestotetraose

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

L-fuculose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

erythrulose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-β-L-fucose

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

glycerol

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-D-fructose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

D-xylulose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

methanol

butan-1-ol

hydroquinone

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

(S)-lactaldehyde

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

butan-1-al

methylglyoxal

caldariellaquinone

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

4-hydroxybenzoate

methyl parathion

amino-parathion

4-aminophenol

6,7-dehydrobaicalein

baicalein

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

caldariellaquinol

3-demethylubiquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

adenine

guanine

AMP

GMP

XMP

IMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dIDP

dADP

dGTP

dITP

dATP

dGMP

dAMP

hypoxanthine

xanthosine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

tetrahydromethanopterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

FADH₂

FAD

isoguanine

preQ₁

uracil

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

CTP

UTP

dUTP

dUDP

CDP

dCTP

dCDP

UDP

dTTP

dTDP

dTMP

dUMP

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

dCMP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

pppGpp

ppGpp

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

ethene

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-hexa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-octa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-buta-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-hydroxytetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-hydroxytetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

(2E)-oct-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosaheptaenoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

thiocyanate

glutathione

methanethiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

choline

agmatine

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

Fe³⁺

Mn²⁺

Co²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

ammonium

Na⁺

H⁺

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

thiosulfate

OH^-

hydrogensulfite

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate