an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

4-oxoglutaramate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

glutathione disulfide

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

N-ethylammelide

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

urea

thiamine diphosphate

2-oxoglutaramate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

2-maleylacetate

L-β-lysine

succinate semialdehyde

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

3-dehydroshikimate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

L-canavanine

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

deethylsimazine

N-ethylammeline

3-phosphooxypyruvate

prephenate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

5-oxo-L-proline

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylate

carbon monoxide

S-formylglutathione

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

(R)-pantothenate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

2-phosphoglycolate

glycolate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

propanoyl phosphate

DNA without lesion

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

H₂

acetyl phosphate

lipid IV_A

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

tetrahydrogeranylgeranyl diphosphate

dihydrogeranylgeranyl diphosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

coenzyme B

methanophenazine

CoB-CoM heterodisulfide

dihydromethanophenazine

N-carbamoylputrescine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-hydroxypropanoate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

shikimate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

2-iminoacetate

carbonic acid

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

4'-phosphopantetheine

pimeloyl-CoA

dethiobiotin

2-hydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-3-oxopent-1-enyl 1-phosphate

1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-2,3-dioxopentyl 1-phosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

hydrogen selenide

O-acetyl-L-serine

hydroxypyruvate

5-aminolevulinate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

shikimate 3-phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

carboxyphosphate

2-dehydropantoate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

glycerone phosphate

anthranilate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

oxaloacetate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

coproporphyrinogen III

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

(S)-dihydroorotate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

citrate

oxalosuccinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

CO₂

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

H₂O

hydroxyl radical

superoxide

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

methanethiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

coenzyme M

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

isovaleryl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

ethene

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

riboflavin

nicotinate

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

FAD

FADH₂

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

isoguanine

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-GMP

ppGpp

pppGpp

2'-deoxyguanosine

dGMP

dAMP

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-dGMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

dATP

IDP

ITP

dIDP

dITP

dGTP

XMP

GMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

dADP

dGDP

AMP

GTP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

GDP

ADP

ATP

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dTMP

dCMP

dUMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-β-L-fucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

adenine

preQ₁

UDP-α-D-glucose

CDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

molybdopterin

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

cobyrinate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

quercetin

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

4-methylphenol

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

glycolaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-galactopyranose

acetaldehyde

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

methanol

ethanol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

D-gluconate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

phytyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

(R)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

stearate

palmitate

laurate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-canaline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

hypoglycin A

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homoserine

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-lysine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

L-valine

L-leucine

L-isoleucine

L-histidine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-proline

L-phenylalanine

L-arginine

glycine

L-alanine

L-tryptophan

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

L-methionine

L-cysteine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-isoglutamine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formyl-L-glutamate

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

formate

hypoglycin B

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-cysteinylglycine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

protoheme

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

S⁰

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(R)-citramalate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

molybdate

OH^-

tetrathionate

thiosulfate

hydrogencarbonate

sulfate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride