an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

isochorismate

urea

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

glutathione disulfide

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

poly (glycerol phosphate)

CDP-glycerol

L-selenocystathionine

carboxynorspermidine

norspermidine

acetyl phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2-dehydropantoate

carboxyphosphate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

2-succinylbenzoate

(S)-mandelate

(R)-mandelate

prephenate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

muconolactone

(+)-muconolactone

cis,cis-muconate

ammonia

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

4-oxoglutaramate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

O-acetyl-L-serine

urocanate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

glycerone phosphate

lipid X

histidinal

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

α-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

hydroxypyruvate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

2-maleylacetate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

lipid IV_A

xanthine

thiamine phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

shikimate

(lipoyl)adenylate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

acetoacetate

autoinducer 2

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

isopentenyl diphosphate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

DNA without lesion

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

carbamoyl phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

anthranilate

prenyl diphosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

glycolate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

oxaloacetate

aminoacetone

hydrogen peroxide

butanoyl phosphate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

phosphoenolpyruvate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

CO₂

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

formamide

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

L-canavanine

H₂O

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-dihydroorotate

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

hydrogen cyanide

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

2-chloroacetate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(R)-citramalate

(S)-4-hydroxymandelate

(R)-4-hydroxymandelate

preQ₀

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Zn²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

OH^-

superoxide

hydrogencarbonate

hydrogensulfite

thiosulfate

sulfite

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

glutathione

thiocyanate

methanethiol

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

3-sulfino-L-alanine

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

thiamine

riboflavin

nicotinate

all-trans-retinol

all-trans-retinal

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

demethylmenaquinol-8

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

dGTP

dATP

dAMP

dGMP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

cyclic-AMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

hypoxanthine

dADP

dGDP

5'-deoxyadenosine

GTP

adenylo-succinate

GDP

IMP

ADP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

ATP

XMP

GMP

AMP

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

preQ₁

uracil

guanine

adenine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dUTP

dTTP

dCTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dCDP

dUDP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

7,8-dihydrolumazine

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

7,8-dihydropterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

methanol

myo-inositol

scyllo-inosose

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

maltotriose

isoprimeverose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-xylulose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-xylopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-fructofuranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

phlorisovalerophenone

deoxyhumulone

deoxycohumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

β-carotene 15,15' epoxide

15,15'-dihydroxy-β-carotene

β-carotene

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

oleate

palmitate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

carbamate

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-asparagine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-alanine

L-isoleucine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-cystathionine

L-isoglutamine

L-ornithine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde