an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

oxalate

2-dehydropantoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

glycolate

4'-phosphopantetheine

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-deoxygluconate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

lipid X

propanoyl phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

chloramphenicol

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

hydrogenobyrinate

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

3-dehydroshikimate

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

4-oxoglutaramate

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

bisorganyltrisulfane

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

homogentisate

H₂O

orotidine 5'-phosphate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

acetoacetate

CO₂

phosphoenolpyruvate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

oxaloacetate

coproporphyrinogen III

oxalosuccinate

quinolinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

glycerone phosphate

carboxyphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

4-carboxy-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

glutathione disulfide

shikimate 3-phosphate

citrate

(S)-dihydroorotate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

(R)-pantothenate

aminoacetone

formamide

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

xanthine

shikimate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

lipid IV_A

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

O-acetyl-L-serine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

isochorismate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

N²-succinyl-L-ornithine

N²-succinyl-L-arginine

N²-succinylglutamate

N²-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

porphobilinogen

3-oxopropanoate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

L-selenocystathionine

hydrogen peroxide

preuroporphyrinogen

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

prenyl diphosphate

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

H₂

carbonic acid

DNA without lesion

carbon monoxide

2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-kynurenine

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-2-aminoadipate

L-valine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

L-leucine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-lysine

L-aspartate

glycine

L-asparagine

L-tryptophan

L-phenylalanine

L-alanine

L-proline

L-threonine

L-serine

L-arginine

L-tyrosine

L-histidine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-ornithine

L-homocysteine

3-sulfino-L-alanine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

D-ornithine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-saccharopine

seleno-L-homocysteine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

L-isoglutamine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

OH-DDVA meta-cleavage product

2,2',3-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy-5,5'-dicarboxybiphenyl

5,5'-dehydrodivanillate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

vanillate

5-carboxyvanillate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

pristanate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

decanoate

stearate

palmitate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

phytenate

oleate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

(2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate

(R)-lactate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

cis-aconitate

cis-2-methylaconitate

(2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

6-aminopenicillanate

isopenicillin N

penicillin G

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid A

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

(3E)-tetradec-3-enoyl-CoA

(2E,4E)-tetradeca-2,4-dienoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-3-enoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

D-glyceraldehyde

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

catechol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

ethanol

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

menadione

caldariellaquinone

4-hydroxybenzoate

quercetin

menadiol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

caldariellaquinol

3-demethylubiquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

phenol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

guanine

adenine

AMP

GMP

XMP

IMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dIDP

dADP

dGTP

dITP

dATP

dAMP

dGMP

hypoxanthine

xanthosine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

tetrahydromethanopterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-4a-hydroxy-tetrahydrobiopterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

sepiapterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

L-threo-7,8-dihydrobiopterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FADH₂

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

FAD

riboflavin

FMN

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

uracil

preQ₁

isoguanine

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

dUTP

dUDP

CTP

CDP

dCTP

dCDP

UTP

UDP

dTTP

dTDP

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

UMP

CMP

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cobyrinate

coenzyme A

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

adenylo-succinate

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5'-deoxyadenosine

cyclic-GMP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CMP

5-hydroxy-CTP

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADH

NADPH

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

phenylacetate

isobutanoyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

isovaleryl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

trans-Δ², cis-Δ⁴-decadienoyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

S-sulfanylglutathione

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

hydroxyl radical

superoxide

sulfite

hydrogensulfite

nitrate

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Fe²⁺

Cd²⁺

ammonium

H⁺

2-chloroacetate

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

preQ₀

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

2-octaprenylphenol

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminosuccinate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

S⁰

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoheme

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal