an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

carbamoyl phosphate

H₂

ammonia

pyruvic oxime

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

histidinal

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

L-arginino-succinate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

quinolinate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

2-iminoacetate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

pimelate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

autoinducer 2

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

glutathione disulfide

hydrogen peroxide

chloramphenicol

glycolate

2-phosphoglycolate

coproporphyrinogen III

ethanolamine

selenophosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

phosphocholine

H₂O

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

CO₂

oxaloacetate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

pimeloyl-CoA

salicyl alcohol

2-dehydropantoate

methylsalicylate

4'-phosphopantetheine

carbon monoxide

xanthine

3-dehydroshikimate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA

hydroxylamine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

4-guanidinobutanoate

4-guanidinobutyramide

glycerone phosphate

propionamide

acrylate

acrylamide

DNA without lesion

3-phosphonopyruvate

urea-1-carboxylate

urea

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

formamide

L-canavanine

CoB-CoM heterodisulfide

coenzyme B

urocanate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

4-pyridoxolactone

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

acetoacetate

citrate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

histidinol

L-histidinol phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

hydroxypyruvate

prephenate

N²-succinylglutamate

succinate semialdehyde

3-ureidopropanoate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

3-keto-β-D-galactose

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

(2S,5S)-5-carboxymethyl proline

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

enol-phenylpyruvate

L-β-lysine

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

(3S,5S)-3,5-diaminohexanoate

(S)-5-amino-3-oxohexanoate

(E)-glutaconate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

oxygen

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

hemin

protoheme

phosphonoacetaldehyde

DNA with lesion

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

L-homocysteine

4-methylphenol

D-glutamate

L-glutamate

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

L-threo-3-phenylserine

L-serine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-lysine

L-alanine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-leucine

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-tryptophan

L-phenylalanine

L-tyrosine

L-aspartate

L-ornithine

L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-canaline

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-allo-threonine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L-isoglutamine

L,L-diaminopimelate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-acetyl-L-aspartate

N-formimino-L-glutamate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-carbamoylglycine

D-alanine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

adenylo-succinate

dGMP

dAMP

AMP

ADP

ATP

dATP

cyclic-GMP

cyclic-AMP

GTP

dGTP

IDP

ITP

GDP

dGDP

dADP

hypoxanthine

IMP

dIMP

XTP

2'-deoxyinosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

5'-deoxyadenosine

dITP

dIDP

GMP

XMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

preQ₁

adenine

guanine

uracil

thymine

dUDP

dCDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CMP

UMP

UDP

CDP

UTP

CTP

CDP-choline

5,6-dihydrothymine

5,6-dihydrouracil

UDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-α-D-xylose

UDP-β-L-arabinopyranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine

ADP-D-ribose

cyclic ADP-ribose

GDP-α-D-mannose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

inosine

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

uridine

cytidine

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

7,8-dihydrolumazine

7,8-dihydropterin

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

molybdopterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

FADH₂

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FAD

FMN

riboflavin

hydantoin

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

urate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde

indole

benzaldehyde

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

ferric-enterobactin complex

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

malonyl-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

vinylacetyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(3S)-citryl-CoA

(S)-3-aminobutanoyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

hexanoyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

trans-hex-2-enoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

maltotriose

maltotetraose

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

sucrose

allolactose

α-lactose

α,α-trehalose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribopyranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerol

3'-ketolactose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-fuculose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

fluoroacetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

methylglyoxal

phytenal

1-octanal

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

octanoate

decanoate

4-hydroxybutanoate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

(R)-3-hydroxybutanoate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

chorismate

(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

acetate

formate

propanoate

butanoate

fluoroacetate

(R)-pantoate

D-tagaturonate

palmitate

oleate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate

α-linolenate

linoleate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

phytenate

nicotinamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

acetamide

androsterone

testosterone

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

7α-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one

7α,12α-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one

cortisone

4,5β-dihydrocortisone

cholest-4-en-3-one

5β-cholestan-3-one

7α-hydroxy-5β-cholestan-3-one

7α,12α-dihydroxy-5β-cholestan-3-one

5α-androstane-3,17-dione

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

methane

butan-1-ol

methanol

glycerophosphoglycerol

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

choline

agmatine

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

selenite

selenate

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

molybdate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

Cu²⁺

Mg²⁺

Mn²⁺

Fe²⁺

Zn²⁺

Co²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxal

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

2-iminosuccinate

coenzyme A

methyl-CoM

preQ₀