an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

aminoacetone

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

quinolinate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

3-oxopropanoate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

urea

N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine

L-selenocystathionine

3-ureidopropanoate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

ethanolamine

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

thiamine diphosphate

propanoyl phosphate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

carbonic acid

S-formylglutathione

O-acetyl-L-serine

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

glycolate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

4-aminobutanoate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

selenophosphate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

DNA without lesion

dihydroxyacetone

shikimate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

CDP-glycerol

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

(lipoyl)adenylate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

L-canavanine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

orotidine 5'-phosphate

carboxyphosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

oxaloacetate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

xanthine

butanoyl phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isochorismate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

2-succinylbenzoate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

isopentenyl diphosphate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

histidinal

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

prenyl diphosphate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

carbamoyl phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

2-dehydropantoate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

prephenate

CO₂

phosphoenolpyruvate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

glycerone phosphate

glutathione disulfide

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-dehydroquinate

H₂O

3-dehydroshikimate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-chloroacetate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

OH^-

selenide

superoxide

nitrite

hydrogencarbonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

Fe³⁺

K⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Cd²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

aniline

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

S-methyl-L-methionine

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

CoA-disulfide

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

phenylacetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

thiamine

riboflavin

nicotinate

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxal

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

FAD

FMNH₂

FMN

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-7

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-7

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

ppGpp

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

pppGpp

cyclic-AMP

GMP

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyadenosine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

IMP

XMP

dADP

dATP

IDP

ITP

dIDP

dITP

dGDP

dGTP

GDP

GTP

ADP

ATP

AMP

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

xanthosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dCDP

dUDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

thymine

uracil

adenine

guanine

preQ₁

5,6-dihydrouracil

5,6-dihydrothymine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

CDP-α-abequose

CDP-4-dehydro-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-glucose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

orotate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

hydantoin

baicalein

6,7-dehydrobaicalein

urate

4-hydroxybenzoate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

hydroquinone

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

glycolaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

1D-chiro-inositol

scyllo-inositol

myo-inositol

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

scyllo-inosose

D-ononitol

D-galactosylononitol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

galactinol

(S)-propane-1,2-diol

ethanol

methanol

glycerol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

D-ribitol 5-phosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

6_G-kestotriose

1,1-kestotetraose

1-kestotriose

sucrose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-xylulose

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-L-rhamnulose

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

D-gluconate

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

6-aminopenicillanate

isopenicillin N

penicillin G

betanidin

betanidin quinone

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

pyruvate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

butanoate

laurate

(R)-glycerate

stearate

oleate

palmitate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-2-aminoadipate

carbamate

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-histidine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L-tyrosine

L-selenocysteine

L-cystathionine

L-lysine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-proline

L-arginine

L-aspartate

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-alanine

L-ornithine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-glutamate

L-threonine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-formyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

L-citrulline

L-canaline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

glycine

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

siroheme

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

4-dimethylaminophenylazobenzene

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

(R)-citramalate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀