an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

H₂O

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

glycerone phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

CO₂

oxaloacetate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

phosphoenolpyruvate

glutathione disulfide

hydrogen peroxide

4'-phosphopantetheine

(S)-dihydroorotate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

prenyl diphosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

shikimate

H₂

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-oxo-L-proline

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

3-ureidopropanoate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

hydrogenobyrinate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

DNA without lesion

thiamine diphosphate

2-oleoylglycerol

hydroxylamine

prephenate

2-phenylethanol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

isobutanol

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

nigerose

ethanolamine

selenophosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

xanthine

4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene-5'-phosphate

enol-phenylpyruvate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

dehydroprephenate

3-(cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)-2-oxopropanoate

3-[(1S)-cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)]-2-oxopropanoate

L-3-cyclohex-2'-enylalanine

(1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1 (10),2-dien-4-oate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

5-hydroxy-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

(2E)-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]prop-2-enoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-indene-4-carboxylate

quinolinate

L-arginino-succinate

autoinducer 2

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

ammonia

2-iminoacetate

3-dehydroshikimate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

pyruvic oxime

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

nitric oxide

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoheme

cobyrinate

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-factor III

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

4-methylphenol

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-arginine

L-lysine

N^ω-hydroxy-L-arginine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

L-serine

L-alanine

L-leucine

glycine

L-glutamine

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-aspartate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-threonine

L-asparagine

L-tyrosine

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-citrulline

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-canaline

meso-diaminopimelate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

N-carbamoylglycine

D-alanine

D-aspartate

ADP

ATP

AMP

IMP

dATP

GTP

dGTP

GDP

dADP

dGDP

XMP

GMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

ppGpp

pppGpp

hypoxanthine

adenylo-succinate

2'-deoxyguanosine

ITP

dIMP

dITP

XTP

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

5,6-dihydrouracil

5,6-dihydrothymine

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

preQ₁

adenine

guanine

uracil

thymine

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

dTDP

dCDP

dUDP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CTP

UTP

UMP

CMP

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

inosine

adenosine

xanthosine

guanosine

uridine

cytidine

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

glycerol

β-D-fructofuranose

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribopyranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribono-γ-lactone

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

sucrose

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

phytol

propan-1-ol

ethanol

butan-1-ol

phytate

D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,5,6) pentakisphosphate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

methylglyoxal

phenylacetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phytenal

acetaldehyde

isobutanal

1-propanal

butan-1-al

pyruvate

acetate

formate

propanoate

butanoate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

4-aminobenzoate

orotate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

4-tyrosol

urate

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

preQ₀

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropterin-6-ylmethyl-4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene 5'-phosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FMN

riboflavin

FAD

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FADH₂

hydantoin

sirohydrochlorin

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

salinosporamide A

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

coenzyme A

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA

4-chloro-crotonyl-CoA

chloroethylmalonyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

3-oxoadipyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

3,24-dioxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

24-hydroxy-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

9α-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

spermidine

putrescine

spermine

ammonium

H⁺

Ca²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

Mo²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

selenide

selenate

selenite

nitrate

molybdate

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

dimethyl sulfide

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

glutathione

methanethiol