an oxidized electron donor
a reduced electron donor
a deaminated amino group acceptor
an aminated amino group acceptor
Charged-LEU-tRNAs
LEU-tRNAs
a 2-oxo acid
an amino acid
an acyl-CoA
a carboxylate
an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
NAD(P)H
NAD(P)+
an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]
a tRNAtyr
(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde
4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol
2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate
4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA
isoshowacene
2-hydroxyhexadecanal
16-sinapoyloxypalmitate
3-methylquinolin-2-ol
(22R)-hydroxycholesterol
N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine
chloroeremomycin
3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate
2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone
2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone
2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone
rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone
rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone
spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone
11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone
15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone
spinosyn macrolactone
diethylamine N-oxide
triethylamine N-oxide
UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate
nitroxyl
trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose
1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one
2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside
formyl hopane
ribosyl hopane
adenosyl hopane
(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate
(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate
(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate
(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA
(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA
(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin
(+)-larreatricin
2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin
N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate
anthranilate
D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate
4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine
4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine
isopentenyl diphosphate
2-O-(6-phospho-α-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate
S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine
S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine
α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate
(lipoyl)adenylate
adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate
adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA
(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate
(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate
salicyl alcohol
methylsalicylate
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate
D-galactosamine-6-phosphate
3-keto-β-D-galactose
4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
scopolin
cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside
glycerone phosphate
4-amino-4-deoxychorismate
(2S)-2-isopropylmalate
2-isopropylmaleate
(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate
(S)-2-acetolactate
γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate
oxaloacetate
N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate
N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate
(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate
4-phosphooxy-L-threonine
3-phosphooxypyruvate
(R)-pantothenate
(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate
2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine
5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole
5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate
(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate
5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole
D-gluconate 6-phosphate
6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone
phosphoenolpyruvate
shikimate 3-phosphate
xanthine
5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate
3-dehydroquinate
3-dehydroshikimate
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate
(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate
orotidine 5'-phosphate
β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide
nicotinate adenine dinucleotide
L-canavanine
O-ureido-L-homoserine
canavaninosuccinate
L-arginino-succinate
carbamoyl phosphate
N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde
N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate
prenyl diphosphate
citrate
imidazole acetol-phosphate
L-histidinol phosphate
histidinal
histidinol
(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
(S)-dihydroorotate
(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate
(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate
4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate
3-ethylmalate
2-oxovalerate
CO2
prephenate
H2O
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran
(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran
enol-phenylpyruvate
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one
(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one
5-hydroxyindole thiazolidine carboxylate
ammonia
N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate
3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate
glutathione disulfide
(S)-ureidoglycolate
4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol
thiamine phosphate
2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde
quinolinate
selenodiglutathione
glutathioselenol
N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate
1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate
N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate
7-epicholate
3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate
hydroxypyruvate
hydrogen selenide
urea
H2
3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate
hydrogen peroxide
oxalosuccinate
thiamine diphosphate
5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil
5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil
carbon monoxide
carbonic acid
1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate
2-iminoacetate
5-oxo-L-proline
5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose
S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate
5-deoxy-α-ribose 1-phosphate
1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate
4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene-5'-phosphate
(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate
N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol
(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine
4'-phosphopantetheine
S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine
autoinducer 2
L-selenocystathionine
5-hydroxytryptophol
5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde
indole-3-glycol
indole-3-glycol aldehyde
isobutanol
3-methylbutanol
3-methylbutanal
2-methylbutanol
2-methylbutanal
2-phenylethanol
5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine
N1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide
N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide
acetyl phosphate
2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one
5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil
coproporphyrinogen III
itaconate
shikimate
DNA without lesion
(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate
(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate
N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine
N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide
L-cysteinylglycine
D-alanyl-D-alanine
γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate
L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine
2-iminobutanoate
2-iminosuccinate
2-iminopropanoate
(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
DNA with lesion
ethylphosphate
adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide
adenosylcobyrate
Mg-protoporphyrin
protoheme
hydrogen cyanide
uroporphyrinogen-III
protoporphyrin IX
protoporphyrinogen IX
oxygen
hydrogen sulfide
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
(R)-glycerate
3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate
2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate
2-phospho-D-glycerate
3-phospho-D-glycerate
dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate
α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate
S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine
5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate
S-methyl-L-methionine
dimethyl sulfide
methionol
3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal
glutathione
methanethiol
5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole
4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole
2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate
2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate
L-cysteate
3-sulfopyruvate
(R)-S-lactoylglutathione
Cu2+
Ca2+
Co2+
Fe2+
Mg2+
H+
ammonium
trimethyl sulfonium
selenate
hydrogencarbonate
sulfate
selenite
phosphate
diphosphate
(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate
2-aminoprop-2-enoate
putrescine
spermidine
allantoate
(S)-(+)-allantoin
5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide
5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide
5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide
1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide
phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate
nicotinamide
3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate
3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate
3-dehydrocholate
isocholate
glycocholate
cholate
(+)-7-epi-jasmonate
methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate
(indol-3-yl)acetate
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
α-linolenoyl-CoA
linoleoyl-CoA
malonyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA
succinyl-CoA
dihomo γ-linolenoyl-CoA
(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA
3'-dephospho-CoA
itaconyl-CoA
(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA
(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA
(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA
phytenoyl-CoA
(S)-malyl-CoA
oleoyl-CoA
(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA
cerotoyl-CoA
2-carboxy-cerotoyl-CoA
propanoyl-CoA
decanoyl-CoA
octanoyl-CoA
palmitoyl-CoA
stearoyl-CoA
pristanoyl-CoA
acetoacetyl-CoA
all-trans-retinyl palmitate
D-glucono-1,5-lactone
FMNH2
FMN
FAD
(S)-NADHX
(R)-NADHX
NADPH
NADH
NADP+
NAD+
demethylmenaquinol-8
L-homocysteine
4-methylphenol
(R)-lipoate
coenzyme A
tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate
5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate
5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate
10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate
5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate
5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate
(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate
7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate
riboflavin
thiamine
nicotinate
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
pyridoxine
pyridoxine 5'-phosphate
pyridoxal
pyridoxamine
pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate
all-trans-retinol
(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate
6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine
reduced riboflavin
7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate
(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate
7,8-dihydropterin-6-ylmethyl-4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene 5'-phosphate
7,8-dihydropteroate
adenine
guanine
xanthosine
guanosine
adenosine
hypoxanthine
dGTP
dATP
dADP
dGDP
GDP
ADP
GMP
XMP
IMP
AMP
GTP
ATP
uracil
dUMP
dTMP
dCMP
dCDP
CDP
UDP
orotate
CTP
UTP
dCTP
dUTP
dUDP
dTTP
dTDP
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine
UDP-α-D-glucose
UDP-α-D-galactose
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate
UDP-α-D-galactofuranose
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate
UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine
dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose
4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
2'-deoxycytidine
2'-deoxyuridine
thymidine
CMP
UMP
scopoletin
coumarin
4-methylumbelliferone
taxiphyllin
linustatin
neolinustatin
linamarin
lotaustralin
2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile
(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile
salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl
6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate
4-tyrosol
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol
(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde
phenylacetaldehyde
indole
(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate
protocatechuate
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde
coumarinate
salicylate
4-aminobenzoate
chorismate
L-aspartate
fumarate
succinate
(S)-malate
cis-aconitate
3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate
D-threo-isocitrate
(S)-lactate
(R)-lactate
acetate
pyruvate
formate
decanoate
octanoate
3-oxoadipate
(15Z)-tetracosenoate
oleate
(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate
linoleate
di-homo-γ-linolenate
α-linolenate
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate
phytenate
pristanate
palmitate
stearate
D-gluconate
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate
3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate
2-oxobutanoate
2-oxoglutarate
glyoxylate
L-serine
L-proline
L-glutamine
L-alanine
L-leucine
glycine
L-glutamate
D-glutamate
L-lysine
L-histidine
L-arginine
L-asparagine
L-threonine
L-cysteine
L-tyrosine
L-tryptophan
L-phenylalanine
D-aspartate
D-methionine
D-alanine
D-nopaline
L-aspartyl-4-phosphate
seleno-L-homocysteine
L-selenomethionine
N-acetyl-L-ornithine
N-acetyl-L-methionine
N-acetyl-L-glutamate
N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate
O-acetyl-L-homoserine
3-phospho-L-serine
L-citrulline
L-isoleucine
L-valine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde
S-adenosyl-L-methionine
O-phospho-L-homoserine
L-ornithine
L-homoserine
O-succinyl-L-homoserine
L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde
S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine
meso-diaminopimelate
L-methionine
L,L-diaminopimelate
L-cystathionine
diacetyl
formaldehyde
1-propanal
isobutanal
acetaldehyde
(S)-lactaldehyde
phytenal
D-glyceraldehyde
α-D-glucopyranose
β-D-glucopyranose
α-D-galactopyranose
β-D-galactopyranose
α-D-xylopyranose
aldehydo-D-ribose
α-D-ribofuranose
β-D-ribofuranose
ethanol
methanol
propan-1-ol
phytol
(S)-propane-1,2-diol
myo-inositol
galactinol
D-galactosylononitol
D-ononitol
1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate
1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate
(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate
trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate
di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate
all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate
di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate
isoprimeverose
XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide
XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide
XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide
XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide
maltotriose
raffinose
maltotetraose
stachyose
maltopentaose
maltoheptaose
maltohexaose
α-maltose
melibiose
sucrose
allolactose
α-lactose
β-D-cellobiose
N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate
N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine
keto-D-fructose
β-D-fructofuranose
D-xylulose
L-ribulose
3'-ketolactose
decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide
1-O-acetyl-α-maltose
decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)
undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine
a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)
a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)
a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)
a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)
a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)
a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine
ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine
GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala
undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine
undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
sucrose 6F-phosphate
ADP-α-D-glucose
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
D-erythrose 4-phosphate
5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate
4-phospho-D-erythronate
1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate
β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate
D-fructose 6-phosphate
α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate
β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate
α-D-glucose 6-phosphate
β-D-glucose 6-phosphate
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
D-xylulose 5-phosphate
D-ribulose 5-phosphate
L-ribulose 5-phosphate
aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate
α-D-ribose-1-phosphate
α-D-galactose 1-phosphate
β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate
β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate
pppGpp
ppGpp
5'-deoxyadenosine
adenylo-succinate
1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP
1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP
2-sulfanyl-N6-dimethylallyladenosine37 in tRNA
2-methylsulfanyl-N6-dimethylallyladenosine37 in tRNA
β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide
cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate