an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

nigerose

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

citrate

DNA without lesion

chloramphenicol

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

salicyl alcohol

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

4-pyridoxolactone

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-isopropylmaleate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

L-canavanine

diethylthiophosphate

dimethylthiophosphate

diethylphosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

ammonia

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminoimidazole

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

H₂O

2-oleoylglycerol

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminobutanoate

4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene-5'-phosphate

2-dehydropantoate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

hydrogenobyrinate

glycerone phosphate

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

phosphoenolpyruvate

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole

CO₂

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

orotidine 5'-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

oxalosuccinate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

(S)-dihydroorotate

2-phenylethanol

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

xanthine

isobutanol

hydroxylamine

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

S-formylmycothiol

prephenate

S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

prenyl diphosphate

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

ethanolamine

coproporphyrinogen III

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

histidinal

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

isopentenyl diphosphate

oxaloacetate

carbon monoxide

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

H₂

O-acetyl-L-serine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(indol-3 yl)acetyl-CoA

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

quinolinate

hydrogen peroxide

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

hydrogen selenide

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

tartronate semialdehyde

urea

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate

hydroxypyruvate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

2-iminoacetate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

pyruvic oxime

5-hydroxyindole thiazolidine carboxylate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

dialurate

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

pseudouridine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-aspartate

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-asparagine

L-alanine

L-lysine

L-tryptophan

L-serine

L-arginine

L-threonine

L-proline

L-tyrosine

L-histidine

glycine

L-phenylalanine

L-canaline

L-ornithine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-cystathionine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-selenomethionine

seleno-L-homocysteine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-proline betaine

N-formimino-glycine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

S-methyl-L-methionine

3-phospho-L-serine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

D-aspartate

β-alanine

AMP

IDP

ITP

ADP

ATP

cyclic-AMP

adenylo-succinate

dADP

dATP

GDP

GTP

dGDP

dGTP

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyinosine

XMP

GMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

ppGpp

pppGpp

IMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

purine

adenine

guanine

uracil

thymine

preQ₁

dUDP

dCDP

dTDP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

UMP

CMP

UDP

CDP

CTP

UTP

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

inosine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

uridine

cytidine

UDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

ADP-D-ribose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-8x

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

precorrin-3A

cobalt-precorrin-2

precorrin-3B

precorrin-5

precorrin-6A

precorrin-6B

precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-3

precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-6A

sirohydrochlorin

cobyrinate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

7,8-dihydrolumazine

7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropterin-6-ylmethyl-4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene 5'-phosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FADH₂

FMN

riboflavin

FAD

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

4-nitrophenol

parathion

paraoxon

urate

6,8-dihydroxypurine

8-hydroxypurine

4-tyrosol

phenylacetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

amino-parathion

methyl parathion

hydroquinone

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

4-aminophenol

4-methylphenol

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

(3S)-linalool

(3R)-linalool

geranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

malonyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

D-gluconate

maltotriose

maltotetraose

sucrose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerol

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

6-deoxy-5-ketofructose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

(S)-lactaldehyde

butan-1-al

isobutanal

1-propanal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

phytenal

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

(R)-pantoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

acetate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

pyruvate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

propanoate

formate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

D-galactarate

D-glucarate

nicotinamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phenylacetate

preQ₀

butan-1-ol

phytol

propan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

glycine betaine

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

dimethyl sulfide

glutathione

methanethiol

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

taurine

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

nicotinate

pyridoxal

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

Ca²⁺

Zn²⁺

Mo²⁺

Mn²⁺

K⁺

H⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

hydrogencarbonate

nitrate

nitrite

thiosulfate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

trimethyl sulfonium

coenzyme A

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

uroporphyrinogen-I

siroheme

protoheme

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cobalt-factor III

DNA with lesion

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate